Humoral immunity<span> or humoural </span>immunity<span> is the aspect of </span>immunity<span> that is </span>mediated<span>by macromolecules found in extracellular fluids such as secreted </span>antibodies<span>, complement proteins, and certain antimicrobial peptides. Humoral </span>immunity<span> is so named because it involves substances found in the humors, or body fluids.</span>
Boiling the broth in both flasks ensured that any pre-existing organisms such as bacteria were killed.
Had the broths not been boiled, both the flasks would have had bacterial growths in them, making the experiment inconclusive. This removal of pre-existing organisms when conducting investigations is still carried out, such as when creating a colony of bacteria on a petri dish or preparing a batch of alcohol through fermentation.
Answer:
Model 2 is not provided in the question. In the nervous system, the sodium-potassium pump maintain a membrane potential across the plasma membrane, with the inside of the cell negative and the outside positive. This is called resting potential, and in this case Sodium is more concentrated in the outside of the cell and Potassium is more concentrated in the inside of the cell.
Explanation:
Neurons are the cells of the nervous system that are excitable, with the capacity of generate and transmit electrical signals known as nerve impulses or action potentials. Neurons have an extension called axon that allow to conduct the action long distances.
During the resting potential, the antiporter enzyme called sodium-potassium pump expels sodium outside the cell exchanging them for potassium using ATP.
An action potential is generated when an stimulus opens ion channels that permit the income of Sodium, changing the voltage in the inside of the cell and opening more voltage-gated Na and K channels. In this process, a flow of electric current is transmitted along the axon of the neuron.
These air masses move around the America they can begin to acquire additional attributes.In winter an arctic air mass(cold and dry) can move over the ocean, picking up some warmth and moisture from the warmer ocean and becoming a maritime polar air mass.<span> If that same polar air mass moves south from Canada into the southern U.S. it will pick up some of the warmth of the ground, but due to lack of moisture it remains very dry. This is called a continental polar air mass.</span>
Answer:
Explanation:
ATP is able to power cellular processes by transferring a phosphate group to another molecule. This transfer is carried out by special enzymes that couple the release from energy of ATP to cellular activities that require energy. YOUR WELCOME