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The British used them as outposts. They could make a break after a long journey, or they could use them as trading posts, or they could take resources from the two areas and send them to Britain. One big function of the outposts was to serve as prisons. Those who committed crimes in England would be sent to Australia as punishment.
It would be the last one, “Advertising encouraged Americans to be consumers”. The 1950s brought about a lot of new products available to the people, televisions being one of them, so it wouldn’t be the first one. Americans in the 1950s were most certainly interested in buying things, so it’s not the second one.
The correct choice would be the last one.
