Answer and explanation;
Several changes would undoubtedly have surprised a knowledgeable observer, including;
- the emergence of Islam;
- the revival of China and Western Europe;
-the collapse of the Byzantine Empire;
-the emergence of Russia and the spread of Christianity into that region;
-the emergence of states in Southeast Asia;
-the emergence of Japan;
-the emergence of powerful empires in West Africa.
However, some features would still be recognizable, such as;
- the persistence of Paleolithic, agricultural village, and herding societies;
-the continuance, albeit at a more intense rate, of long-distance commerce and exchange;
-the persistence of broad cultural traditions, especially in the Mesoamerican, Andean, Chinese, European, and Indian civilizations.
