P waves (aka primary waves) are the fastest waves. It's a seismic body wave that shakes the ground back and forth in the same direction and the opposite direction as the direction the wave is moving.
S waves (aka secondary waves) move through the earth by causing particles in rocks to move side to side
This is why S-waves arrive as secondary waves at the Earth's surface. There is another importantdifference between P-waves and S-waves. Although both can pass through solid rock, only P-waves can also pass through gases and liquids.
Because according to the diagram North Carolina faces the opposite side of the sun which means sunlight is not perspective at this point so it simply conclude that it's Winter