The two years prior to World War I in the region of the Balkans saw the rising of Serbian nationalistic Groups. Later came the assassination of the Archduke Ferdinand in the Balkan City of Sarajevo, main cause of the war.
To prevent international tensions from leading to war
The question surrounding the Nullification Crisis of 1832 was whether or not the state governments had the ability to void federal laws that they saw as unconstitutional.
This idea of nullification was a result of the federal government passing several different tariffs in 1828. These tariffs increased the price of foreign goods and resulted in other countries being less likely to trade with America. These tariffs had a negative effect on Southern states especially, hence why they argued that they could nullify laws they saw as unconstitutional. Ultimately, this idea has never been solidified or supported by any US courts.
Hemisphere is a half of a sphere