There are no factors listed to choose from.
The Homestead Act of 1862 pulled settlers to the plains by offering 160 free acres of federal land to any American, including freed slaves.
Toussaint L'Ouverture was a French general, but instead for France, he fought for Haiti and its people, leading the Haitian Revolution against the French. Under L'Ouverture, the Haitians got much better organized. He was a military general, so he was very smart in warfare, tactically strong, and knew the weaknesses of the French troops. This led to him being able to lead the Haitians to successful battles for freedom, but also to wisely retreat them when the situation was not suitable for them and save their lives. He was the most important person when it came to the gaining of independence of Haiti, and rightfully so he is considered the father of this nation.
Answer:
Option (d). is the answer.