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Citizenship is a legal status in a political institution such as a city or a state. The relationship between a citizen and the institution that confers this status is formal, and in contemporary liberal-democratic models includes both a set of rights that the citizen possesses by virtue of this relationship, and a set of obligations or duties that they owe to that institution and their fellow citizens in return.
Nationality, on the other hand, denotes where an individual has been born, or holds citizenship with a state. Nationality is obtained through inheritance from his/her parents, which is called a natural phenomenon. On the other hand, an individual becomes a naturalized citizen of a state only when s/he is accepted into that's nations framework, and then legally his/her nationality has changed by international law. Article 15 under Universal Declaration of Human Rights states "Everyone has the right to a nationality". "No one shall be arbitrarily deprived of his nationality nor denied the right to change his nationality".
Essentially, an individual is able to change his/her nationality through nationalization, citizenship by descent or inheritance of nationality from parents. An example of nationality is Italian to a person with Italian roots born in the United States.
The hostage crisis in Iran took place over a period of 444 days, during which a group of Iranian students took 66 diplomats and citizens of the United States of America (USA) hostage. The crisis began on November 4, 1979 and lasted until January 20, 1981.
The crisis was described by the Western media as a "revenge and mutual incomprehension". In Iran, the taking of hostages was widely seen as a blow against the United States. In the United States, and in general the West see hostage-taking as an outrage on the part of the Islamist movement that violated the principle of international law on immunity and inviolability of diplomats and their embassies.
In 1980, the death of the Shah (July 27) and the invasion of Iran by Iraq in September made Iran more prone to the resolution of the hostage crisis. In the US, Carter lost in November 1980 the presidential re-election for the benefit of Ronald Reagan. Most analysts believe that Carter's mistakes in trying to solve the crisis played an important role in his defeat.
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disapproved of his Westernization policies.
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