The thoracic region receive sympathetic innervation from the middle and inferior cervical ganglia.
The cervical sympathetic trunk is the portion of the sympathetic trunk located to the left and right of the cervical spine, this trunk extends from the entrance of the thoracic wall to the base of the skull.
- It is made up of 3 ganglia: the superior ganglia made up of the first 3 cervical ganglia; the middle ganglia made up of the 4th cervical ganglion and the inferior ganglia made up of the last 4 ganglia.
- These ganglia are responsible for the sympathetic innervation of the upper extremities, the viscera of the thoracic cavity and that of the organs of the abdominal cavity.
Therefore, we can conclude that the thoracic sympathetic chain is made up of ganglia that innervate the thoracic region.
Learn more about the sympathetic innervation here: brainly.com/question/25711534
Answer:
The two prokaryotic domains are Archaea and Bacteria.
The eukaryotic domain is Eukarya.
Both prokaryotic and eukaryotic are similar in which they have a plasma membrane and cytoplasm; meaning all cells have plasma membrane surrounding them. A difference between Eukaryotic and Prokaryotic is that eukaryotic have organelles, for example, a nucleus. Prokaryotic cells do not have a nucleus.
Hi,
The word mutation come from word mutate, that means to change. In Biology, a mutations means a change in the DNA sequence of an organism. Since DNA sequence encodes for proteins, when a mutation occurs in part of DNA (gene) it causes a different than usual protein which had to be expressed.
For example:
- There was a gene whose sequence was: AATGGGGCCC
- A single base mutation made the sequence as: TATGGGGCCC
Now how these mutations affect an organism in which they took place?
The answer is, mutations can be beneficial, harmful and even neutral.
A mutations is beneficial when the sequence changes in such a way that the new protein gives beneficial characteristics to the organism. For instance, a mutation occurs in the DNA of bacteria which enhances its resistance against antibiotics, so the bacteria can live longer. This is a beneficial mutation for bacteria. Sometimes, the mutations can be lethal and very hamrful. For instance, when a mutation occurs in the coding region of a gene for certain trait of organism like skin type, skin color. If mutation happens in coding region of skin type, in such a way that new protein formed is not correct, it can heavily harm. Like a mutation changes the skin color of people living in hot areas from from dark to pale color. The pale color is prone to more damage than dark color, therefore, these skins are easily burnt and can causes skin cancer and other skins problems to people. Similarly, some mutations can be neutral and they cause neither benefit, nor harm, no effect on organism. These are called silent mutations because the DNA sequence is changed in such a way that new protein is same as old protein. For example there is a gene having part CCG, after mutation it changes to CCA. Both will code for the same protein Glycine and will have no effect on overall phenotype of organism.
Hope it help!
From the information above i believe the answer is C. Hope this helped! have a good day
Answer:
At the end of telophase, two new daughter cells that are exact replicas of the beginning cell will be completed.
Explanation:
- Mitosis is the process of cell division in reproduction process where one parent cell give rise to two daughter cells having the same replication of parent cell.
- Telophase is the final stage of the mitotic division.
- In telophase the cytoplasm is divided into two daughter cells along with all its contents.
- The genetic make up of these daughter cell reflect the same character as the original parent cell.
