The industrial revolution was a period of time from the 1700 to the mid 1800 where new ideas and methods greatly improved.
Most likely there is. The most common example I can think of is in political circles. The goal is most often to create an echo chamber for their thoughts and opinions and keeping other ideas oppressed. Sectionalism exists in any group with a rigidly defined dogma, and closed thinking like that is still rampant in the modern United States of America. <span />
In the United States, the judicial branch "<span>can declare a law unconstitutional", since the judicial branch refers to the Supreme Court, which can act as a "check" on the legislative branch. </span>
Rizal arrived in Madrid, Spain in 1882. There he studied the practice of Medicine, but his time in Europe allowed him to write a book exposing the Spanish colonial relationship with the Philippines. He then became actively involved in propaganda for a Filipino movement. In his time at Spain he learned how the colonizer was treating the colony. This allowed him to write his work, "Noli Me Tangere" which was published in his time in Germany in 1887. This sparked movements in the Philippines such as anti-colonization.