According to the theory underpinning the Declaration of Independence, known as Natural Law, if a government becomes tyrannous, the people have the right to overthrow it and replace it with a government more responsible to the inalienable, God-given rights of human beings.
The whole rationale behind the Declaration of Independence and the revolt against George III rests on the premise that the British government was treating the colonists unfairly: they had no representation in parliament but were forced to pay high taxes. The British government, they believed, was imposing unjust laws on them.
The Enlightenment theory of Natural Law is expressed in John Locke's Second Treatise of Civil Government, a source document for the Declaration of Independence. The concept of Natural Law challenged the older theory of the Divine Rights of Kings, a school of thought that argued kings or rulers couldn't be replaced from below, because God had anointed them to rule, and they were, therefore, even if tyrannous, doing God's will.
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