When acute care cannot be given due to a lack of resources, the practice of triage is used. The system directs care toward people who will gain the most from it and who are most in need of it. It refers, more broadly, to the organization of medical treatment as a whole. When it is needed in its acute form, it is most frequently needed on the battlefield, during a pandemic, or in times of peace when an accident causes a large number of casualties that overwhelm the capacity of the local healthcare institutions.

Although there is a lot of room for interpretation and multiple ideas of the Hippocratic oath's nature at once, triage always adheres to the modern understanding of it.

A shattered bone certainly counts for less than uncontrolled arterial bleeding, which is likely to result in death; the most established ideas and practical scoring systems utilized in this originate from the field of acute physical trauma in an emergency department scenario. However, no contemporary theory applies very well to the fields of palliative care, geriatrics, chronic medical diseases, reproductive health (including abortion), or mental health (including euthanasia). This is due to the fact that triage must simultaneously balance a number of goals, some of which are in conflict, most of which are essential to personhood, such as the likelihood of death, the effectiveness of the proposed course of treatment, the patients' remaining lifespan, and the patients' respective ethical and religious beliefs.

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