The Catholic Church was challenged on its teachings regarding penance (repentance of sin), indulgences (removal of guilt), and the authority of the pope. This led to the beginning of the Protestant Reformation when Martin Luther posted which of these documents on the doors of Castle Church in defiance of Rome? the 95 Theses on the Papacy in Rome work on the Psalms sermon on Good Works
The factor that benefited the Republican Party in the 1970s was: <span>reaction by some white southerners to passage of civil rights laws
Back then, the southerners still haven't supported the equal civil rights laws for the minority citizens. This massively decreased Kennedy's support that became the Republican main opposition during that time.</span>
Spain was able to establish colonies in large areas of different continents. Hope this helped!