Radical Republicans rejected Lincoln’s plan and instead passed the more stringent Wade-Davis Bill, which called for 50 percent of the state to take the loyalty oath. Lincoln pocket vetoed this bill.
They lived close to each other.
Humanism is a big role in this. Humanism is the idea of thinking more about the individual (The things people felt and created were just as important as faith and religion)
Since philosophers were now thinking with humanism influencing them, they thought more about the individual person themselves and their role in society. Unlike earlier thinkers who thought about people as a whole and the Church's role in society. People began to come up with the ideas that the Church is not the answer to everything.
It lowered the economy thus causing the great depression