Maria is 33 years old. To be President of the USA a person must be at least 35 years old.
They defined it in terms of shared language and shared history.
A nation was a place with a single language because languages existed before nations and country names and territory changes but the language stays the same, only evolves as time changes. Shared history is based on the idea that people of a territory and their ancestors share history and are thus bound in a nation.
The correct answer is "a state trial court". Since the dispute is over a contract between two people in the same city, it is very likely that the case will be considered as local and as part of a state court jurisdiction. State courts handle the majority of the civil cases in the US, and since it is not mentioned that the case has been handle in another court, it is more likely thay a state trial court would handle this dispute.