Question

How did religious beliefs influence the organization of Sumerian society?

Answer 1

Sumerian belief that humans are created to serve and obey the gods. They developed a hierarchy of importance based on the persons' close relationship with god. 
From most important to least important, the list of groups are Kings, Priests and Priestesses, Commoners, and Slaves. 

They believe that kings of every city have divine authority, therefore, those who are not kings are tasked to serve and obey the kings. 

The second most important group of people in the society are priests and priestesses. The Sumerians believe that gods speak through the priests and priestesses; thus, political powers were granted to them. The priests and priestesses also enjoy living in lavish homes as part of being of noble class.

Commoners labored for the estates, which were attached to the temples.

Slaves worked for Temple officials.