Well Popes are leaders of the Worldwide Catholic Church.
There were many Popes in the years.
To right now the pope is Pope Francis from Flores, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
hope this helped
Its the 3rd one. they made terraces in the mountains to create more farmable land
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A federalist is a person who advocates or supports a system of government in which several states unite under a central authority.
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Explanation:
The medieval Russian state was left vulnerable to invasion because of fighting between noble families and because of declining trade with the fading Byzantine Empire. The Mongols easily overwhelmed the Russians. The effects of their rule were mixed: while they brought peace to Eurasia and opened up trade routes for Russian traders in this region, they also imposed cumbersome tribute payments, established a precedent of absolutist, centralized rule, and cut off contacts with Europe, slowing the spread of scientific and artistic advancements.