The formation of an atoll is a slow process that can take millions of years. It begins when an underwater volcano erupts, creating a buildup of lava on the seafloor. With continued eruptions, the lava continues to build until it breaks through the ocean's surface and forms an island.
Either an groundwater source, like a well, or from a surface-water source, such as a river, lake, or reservoir.
small even though Alaska is a big state it is covered in snow most of the time, and know one will want to live there for their whole life.
pipe lines are used world wide
Mountain chains and river systems generally run North-South throughout the continent thus making for formidable barriers to East-West expansion.