Question

The sum of two numbers is 180. one number is 5 times the other

Answer 1

30 & 150. 150 is five times 30, and 150+30=180

Answer 2

Let 2 numbers be x and y  then

x + y = 180   and
y = 5x

plug y = 5x into the first equation:-

x + 5x = 180

x = 30

y = 180-30 = 150

The 2 numbers are 30 and 150