D because it includes more information than the others and is more professional
I think it is personification, because personification means to make non living things sound real, and the lines 149-151 follow that. “The taut gut vibrating hummed and sang a swallow’s note.”
For this I would put the subject to English not math
no one really says whom anymore, but I believe if you wanted to sound like a 19th century person, whom is correct grammar instead of who in that context.