The two classes are the proletariat which is the working class who make up the majority of the population within society and must work to survive
It would be an "archaeologist" who is most likely to determine where an ancient temple was built, since a big part of this profession is digging in order to discover artifacts.
I believe it would be Austria Hungary right?
One of the most significant changes that Gorbachev made to the Soviet economy was that he was the first leader to really try to ease the planned economy and let some market forces in.