<span>1. A and D. -- to find
precious metals such as gold and to find an easier route to Asia. </span>
<span>It is
sometimes mistakenly stated that Columbus' voyage was an attempt to prove that the
earth was round. But all educated persons from the ancient Greeks up to the
present time understood the earth to be a spherical in shape. If there was a
mistake in the calculations of Columbus and his European sponsors, it was in
thinking the globe to be smaller than it actually is. They had no idea there was
another continent (the "New World") in between Europe and Asia when
sailing west from Europe. The legend of Columbus seeking to prove to others
that the world was round was invented by storyteller Washington Irving in his
"Life and Voyages of Christopher Columbus." (Irving was the author of
"Rip Van Winkle" and other fanciful tales.) </span>
<span>
2. In regard to the
Columbian Exchange -- B. Both Europeans and Native Americans benefited from the trade, </span>but the harm done to the Native Americans was greater.
"The Columbian Exchange" is the term used
for the transfer and transactions of products, ideas and populations between
the Americas and Europe in the 15th and 16th centuries, following the voyages
of Columbus.
3. D. Ferdinand Magellan is credited as the first explorer to
circumnavigate the earth.
Technically, Magellan himself didn't make it all the
way around the globe, but part of his expedition did. Magellan, a Portuguese
explorer, set sail from Spain in September, 1519, with 5 ships and 270 men.
Magellan lost his life in battle with natives in the Philippines in 1521. Just
one of the five original ships, the <em>Vittoria</em>, made it back to Spain. Commanded
by Juan Sebastián del Cano, the <em>Vittoria</em> arrived back at Spain in September,
1522, with a total of 22 persons aboard.