Understatement. Having your car set on fire and then calling it a little car trouble is an understatement
I would say that the way Ivan Ilyich uses the Caius allusion to deal with his impending death is that Ivan Ilyich realizes how unfair death is and becomes even more determined to save himself in any way he can.
He compares his life to that of Caius's, who did or experienced nothing Ivan had, so he doesn't want to accept the fact he is going to die like that.
Well, A is wrong. There are no quotations!
B is also wrong, when continuing a sentence, the first word of the next sentence does not need to be capitalized.
D is wrong because the comma needs to be inside the quotations, not outside. so your answer is C :)
A. The rowdy child jumped playfully on the couch while his tired mother looked on and sighed.