The geese are seen as figure and the sky as ground.
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A word root is the base part of a word (i.e., less any prefixes and suffixes).
To change the meaning of a word, a prefix can be added to the front of the word root, or a suffix can be added to the back. Quite often, a prefix and a suffix are added to a word root to change the meaning. (Prefixes and suffixes are known as affixes.)
A. dormant period during winter
Bolivia, the fourth-largest tin producer, has traditionally been a mining country-the answer is tin