99% of calcium is found inside the cells of the body.
The virus known as Epstein-Barr virus primarily infects lymphocytes
<h3>What are Epstein-Barr viruses</h3>
Epstein- Barr viruses are viruses that causes mononucleosis. They are from the family Human gammaherpesvirus 4.
These viruses preferentially infects the human B- lymphocytes and may also infect the epithelial cells of the body.
Therefore, the virus known as Epstein-Barr virus primarily infects lymphocytes.
Learn more about Epstein-Barr viruses here:
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Internal means its on the inside
external means its on the outside
so an internal regulator is when the proteins respond to events on the inside of a cell
and an external regulator is when the proteins respond to events outside the cell
The fusion of two parents' genetic material is understood as sexual reproduction while asexual reproduction yields genetically similar offspring to the same parent.
<u>Asexual Reproduction:</u>
This way all the prokaryotes and other eukaryotes produce offspring. There are a variety of different asexual reproductive practices. These comprises of binary, fragmentation, and budding fission.
- The binary fission appears when a parent cell wants to split into 2 separate daughter cells of the same diameter. For an instance, protozoa reproduces in the same way.
- Fragmentation happens when a parent entity divides into small parts or fragments, and each segment grows into a recent organism. Starfish, that way replicate.
- Budding happens when a parent cell develops a bud close to a bubble. When growing and developing, the bud remains connected to the parent cell. This get detached from the parent cell when the bud is completely grown, and becomes a new entity. It is common in hydra and yeast.
<u>Sexual Reproduction:</u>
- A reproductive process which comprises haploid female gamete fusion, i.e. egg cell and haploid male gamete i.e. sperm cell.
- That implies they only include half the number of chromosomes contained in other species cells. A form of cell division named meiosis creates gametes.
- These gametes are fused at fertilization which results in the production of a diploid zygote having the chromosome double of gametes.
The defecation reflex involves two postive feedback loops. these loops are the stretch receptors in the rectal walls and the sacral parasympathetic system. Defecation reflex empties the rectum by peristaltic movements push fecal matter from the sigmoid colon into the rectum. Then this distension of the rectal walls stimulates stretch receptors which results in defecation.
