Mercantilism created competition between companies, states, and countries. My teacher once gave me the example of a tree cutter making tables. It was about who makes the most profit.
The correct answer among the choices is lingua franca. In multilingual
societies and populations, a lingua franca is adopted as a medium of
communication between people with different vernacular languages. Countries
like India and the Philippines with a post-colonial past and a plethora of
local languages use English as their lingua franca, for example.
“era” refers to a period of time characterized by events in a chronological order.
“Period” can refer to a short interval of time or a very long interval of time.
I believe it is B, but I know for sure it is not A, I can try and leave some links for you to get more info on it
The declaration of independence
