<span> A </span>test cross<span>, involves the breeding of an individual with a phenotypically recessive individual.
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Answer:
The miRNA pathway of RNA interference is a result of double standed DNA entering a eukaryotic cell
Explanation:
Answer: depolarization; hyperpolarization
Explanation:
At resting potential (absence of stimulus), the cell membrane of a neuron is said to be polarized with a net negative charge within due to more potassium (K+) ions present than sodium (Na+) ions.
However, an impressed stimuli reverses the ions content as K+ ions flows out and quickly replaced by Na+ ions, resulting in a decrease in membrane potential and a more positive cell membrane. Thus, depolarization occurs.
An increase in the membrane potential (so that it becomes more negative) is called hyperpolarization.
This is false. Organisms may play several important roles in an ecosystem. Consider for example and ocean shore environment occupied by a particular species of crab. The crabs are scavengers and eat any organic matter they encounter. They therefore play an important role in the cycling of nutrients in the ecosystem. The crabs are however also an important source of food for a range of other species occupying the same habitat, including octopi, certain fishes and sea otters. Therefore, the crabs are an important part of the food web in the ecosystem. Many species similarly occupy multiple important roles in an ecosystem.
Answer:
3212
Explanation:
Transport vesicles are vesicles that function to carry molecules from one cellular compartment to another. The coat protein complexes I and II (COPI and COPII) are conserved pathways that transport proteins from the endoplasmic reticulum to the Golgi apparatus. Moreover, clathrin is a protein implicated in the formation of coated vesicles. The ADP-ribosylation factor GTPase activating (Arf GAP) proteins play a major role in Arf signaling pathways, which are responsible for uncoating of the COPI coat. On the other hand, COPII vesicles are known to retain their coats until they are recognized by tethering complexes, and whose formation is regulated by the GDP-GTP cycle of the small GTPase Sar1. Finally, the 70-kDa heat shock proteins (HSP70) are chaperones which function as uncoating ATPases to remove clathrin from coated vesicles after endocytosis.
