One reason why the industrial revolution began in England is because that country had a large manpower population that was ready to be mobilized. Another reason was that they had lots of resources.
It is not A. I know because I got it wrong with this answer.
The answer to your first question would be C. The answer to your second question is B.
Answer:
To protect the city from flooding, they proposed raising the level of the entire city by picking up most of the structures in the city and filling in beneath them with sand.
B seems like the best choice.