The Ottoman empire had taxes and restriction on trade in its own territory that influenced and encouraged Europeans to seek new trade routes to other countries like India and China or any other countries in East Asia that is how the ottoman empire influenced the Europeans to explore during those centuries.
Atmosphere hydrosphere lithosphere
Answer:
As the 5th century BCE approached, Carthage became the center of commerce and trade in the West Mediterranean region. It had conquered most of the old Phoenician colonial cities including the Hadrumetum, Utica, Kerkouane, Numidian, and Mauretanian kingdoms. It even extended its control over Malta and Balearic Islands in the Mediterranean.
Explanation:
The most important geographic feature was the Appalachians