Answer:
The two strands are held together by hydrogen bonds between the bases, with adenine forming a base pair with thymine, and cytosine forming a base pair with guanine.
Explanation: hydrogen bonds
1. Mitosis takes place within somatic cells (cells that make up the body). Meiosis takes place within gamete cells (sex cells).
2. One single division of the mother cell results in two daughter cells. Two divisions of the mother cell result in four meiotic products or haploid gametes.
3. A mitotic mother cell can either be haploid or diploid. A meiotic mother cell is always diploid.
4. The number of chromosomes per nucleus remains the same after division. The meiotic products contain a haploid (n) number of chromosomes in contrast to the (2nd) number of chromosomes in the mother cell.
5. It is preceded by an S-phase in which the amount of DNA is duplicated. In meiosis, only meiosis I is preceded by an S-phase.
6. In mitosis, there is no pairing of homologous chromosomes. During prophase I, complete pairing of all homologous chromosomes takes place.
7. There is no exchange of DNA (crossing-over) between chromosomes. There is at least one crossing-over or DNA exchange per homologous pair of chromosomes.
8. The centromeres split during anaphase. The centromeres do separate during anaphase II, but not during anaphase I.
9. The genotype of the daughter cells is identical to that of the mother cells. Meiotic products differ in their genotype from the mother cell.
10. After mitosis, each daughter cell has exactly same DNA strands. After meiosis, each daughter cell has only half of the DNA strands
Answer:
The three basic types of adaptations, based on how the genetic changes are expressed, are structural, physiological and behavioral adaptations. Most organisms have combinations of all these types.
Explanation:
Living things are adapted to the habitat they live in. This is because they have special features that help them to survive. The development of these special features is the result of evolution due to gene mutation. These mutations aid in the survival and reproduction and passes on from one generation to the other.
Answer:
Carbon pollution is changing the ocean's chemistry, slowing its ability to uptake CO2, making it more acidic, and harming shellfish and other marine life we depend on. The ocean has absorbed about 29 percent of global CO2 emissions since the end of the preindustrial era.Human activities affect marine life and marine habitats through overfishing, habitat loss, the introduction of invasive species, ocean pollution, ocean acidification and ocean warming.
Plastids
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