Eyeglasses<span> (also called spectacles) are</span><span> the most common form of </span>eye wear.<span> They are used to correct or improve many types of vision problems. They are a frame that holds two pieces of glass or plastic, which have been ground into lenses to correct refractive errors.</span>
Answer:
When the solutions (including inside and outside) were replaced by NaCl, the membrane potential changes from a negative value of -60 mV to a positive value of + 60 mV.
Explanation:
According to the Nernst equation the potential of the membrane for a two-compartment model of a cell for positive gradient of K⁺ ions is V = - 60 mVlogK'/K where K' = inside concentration of K⁺ ions and K = outside concentration of K⁺ ions. For a 10 fold excess of KCl in the inside compartment, K'/K = 10. So,
V = - 60 mVlogK'/K = - 60 mVlog10 = -60 mV.
For a negative gradient of Na ions is V = + 60 mVlogK'/K where K' = inside concentration of Na⁺ ions and K = outside concentration of Na⁺ ions. (Since the cell is selectively permeable to Na⁺ ions. So, Na ions to not flow out but in.)For a 10 fold excess of NaCl in the inside compartment, K'/K = 10. So,
V = + 60 mVlogK'/K = + 60 mVlog10 = +60 mV.
So, when the solutions (including inside and outside) were replaced by NaCl, the membrane potential changes from a negative value of -60 mV to a positive value of + 60 mV.
Cigarette smoking and environmental chemicals
Tobacco smoke and certain environmental chemicals are known carcinogens (substances that can cause cancer in living tissue). The tobacco smoke from cigarette smoking contains harmful chemicals such as hydrogen cyanide, arsenic, ammonia, benzene, and many more. In fact, from 2009 to 2013, three out of 10 cancer deaths in the U.S have been attributed to cigarette smoking or exposure to tobacco smoke.
The drawing of a cat is an example of a 3-D drawing as applied in biology.
<h3>What is 3-D drawing?</h3>
A 3-D drawing is such the height, depth and the width of the object ios shown. Three dimemsional drawings are common in architechture as well as in biology.
Hence, the drawing of a cat is an example of a 3-D drawing as applied in biology.
Learn more about 3-D drawing: brainly.com/question/21333148