It's a very long sentence with a lot of information, but it is still only a simple sentence (option b): it has only one verb (taught). In order to qualify as a complex or compound-complex sentence, it would have to have at least 2 phrases, each with a different verb.
Michael Servetus was a Spanish physician and theologian. He was known for having a contrary view on Christology and figuring out the role of pulmonary circulation. I suggest using britannica.com for your research.
Answer:
I believe the answer is number 1 'The Founding Fathers realized establishing a federal government would help protect America.'
Explanation: