The quantity theory of money says that:
M V = P Y
where M is money supply, V is income velocity of money, P is price level and Y is income level.
Using the analyze of the empirical data, we can say that there is a long-run association between money and price.
Share holders since they have a share of the company
Answer:
putable bond
Explanation:
According to my research on different financial investments, I can say that based on the information provided within the question the term being described is called a puttable bond. Like mentioned in the question this is a bond in which entitles the bondholder to return or redeemed the bond to the issuer on specified dates before its maturity date.
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The private market will produce more than the economically efficient output level. Also when there is a negative externality then the cost to producers will be less than the cost to society. Remember that a negative externality is a cost that is suffered by a third party as a result of an economic transaction. Also have in mins that externalities lead to market failure<span> because the price equilibrium </span>does<span> not reflect the true costs and benefits of a product.</span>
Answer : Premium Pricing.
Companies manufacturing or selling designer apparel, custom jewellery or exclusive paintings usually have a unique brand. These companies usually have their own signature brands that have a big competitive advantage. Hence they charge higher prices.