Congress was designed to be the legislative branch of government. This body is independent from the executive or judicial branches and is in charge of writing laws.
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The United States' involvement in Latin American regime change included US-backed coups d'états required to replace left-wing governments with right leaders totalitarian regimes, and other oppressive regimes. And during Civil War, the Truman Principle of deterrence dictated that economic as well as military activity be limited.
This intervention created a lot of tension in the region which led people to forcefully evacuate their homes in search of safe place. They fastly immigrated to America which led to current crisis.
Generally speaking, yes it is true that the French Revolution took place because of financial issues, resentment towards the French monarchy and social structures, since many "common" French people found it almost impossible to advance socially.
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Eratosthenes erected a pole in Alexandria, and on the summer solstice he observed that it cast a shadow, proving that the Sun was not directly overhead but slightly south. Recognizing the curvature of the Earth and knowing the distance between the two cities enabled Eratosthenes to calculate the planet's circumference.
It was to flee widespread famine I think