Ecological tipping points are the<span> points where environmental problems reach threshold level causing irreversible shifts in the behavior of natural systems. These are also called thresholds where the biodiversity changes.</span>
Answer:
A.warmer than present
Explanation:
During most of the Mesozoic Era, the Earth was warmer than present.
This is because during the Mesozoic era the land were far away from water bodies which led to prevalence of deserts while today the land are much more closer to the water bodies. It’s a known fact that water bodies help in the thermoregulation and cooling of the atmosphere.
This is the main and feasible reason why the Earth was warmer in the Mesozoic era than now.
In the short-term, The French-Indian War or The Seven Years War expanded the British colonial territory in North America by an enormous amount and removed potential competitors in early westward expansion. In the long-term, it resulted in extreme national debt in Britain, bringing about dictatorial control of its colonies so it could alleviate economic stress. First came the passing of the Proclamation of 1763, which stopped all westward movement by its American colonies past the Appalachian Mountains (they hoped to make Native Americans and the Spanish buy land), then several new Acts like the Stamp Act were passed which taxed goods like paper, and eventually, as some historians interpret, led to the American Revolution.
Answer:
Super position
Faunal Succession
Crosscutting Relationships
Inclusions
Explanation:
Superposition: The most basic concept used in relative dating is the law of superposition. Simply stated, each bed in a sequence of sedimentary rocks (or layered volcanic rocks) is younger than the bed below it and older than the bed above it. This law follows two basic assumptions: (1) the beds were originally deposited near horizontal, and (2) the beds were not overturned after their deposition.
Faunal Succession: Similar to the law of superposition is the law of faunal succession, which states that groups of fossil animals and plants occur throughout the geologic record in a distinct and identifiable order. Following this law, sedimentary rocks can be “dated” by their characteristic fossil content. Particularly useful are index fossils, geographically widespread fossils that evolved rapidly through time.
Crosscutting Relationships: Relative ages of rocks and events may also be determined using the law of crosscutting relationships, which states that geologic features such as igneous intrusions or faults are younger than the units they cut across.
Inclusions: Inclusions, which are fragments of older rock within a younger igneous rock or coarse-grained sedimentary rock, also facilitate relative dating. Inclusions are useful at contacts with igneous rock bodies where magma moving upward through the crust has dislodged and engulfed pieces of the older surrounding rock.
Answer:
hi it's sunny day bc the sun is sunny
