I think the answer is the Medici family and Humanism.
The Medici family or also known as the House of Medici, is known to be one of the most affluent families in Florence. These family produced 4 popes in their time. They gave rise to Florence and Humanism. Humanism is a philosophy that centered to around man rather than religion and other factors.
If you are talking about Napoleon Bonaparte then here:
the first mistake was the Continental System which killed more of his empire. (the Continental system was a blockade that stop the trade between Britain & Europe BTW)
the second mistake was the invasion of Russia. this one is common because the weather was cold and it was hard winter. The french were little uneducated in military.
the third one is the peninsular if i am correct. Napoleon took out the Spanish king and replaced him with his brother. the Spanish got mad and Spanish fought french which lead napoleon to take another look at Spanish.
hope i helped this is all from my head :D
Answer:
(1) to disrupt the Allies' supply line
Explanation:
During World war II the last major German offense campaign on the Western Front was the Ardennes Counter offensive also known as the Battle of the Bulge( 1944-1945)
plz mark me as brainliest :)
Answer: It ended the labor shortage, as war veterans went to work on the railroad.