Answer: It is approximately the membrane potential at which the electrochemical gradient for Na+ is zero.
Explanation:
The charge in plasma membrane occurs with diffusion and electric fields.
For example, if there are two solutions, let's assume solution X and Solution Y are separated by a porous barrier (to diffuse in equal proportions).
The fundamental principle of diffusion states that solution from a high concentration diffuses to a lower concentration.
For instance, if the X solution contains 40 sodium ions and 40 chloride ions, the Y solution only has 30 sodium and 30 chloride ions. Due to the diffusion, these two solutions will mix and reach a steady-state.
The like charges repel, and opposite charges attract.
Answer:
They collect more information.
Explanation:
The heliocentric model has been modified with the help of telescopes and probes because telescopes and probes collect more accurate information about the solar system and planets. Due to information collected from these instruments, scientists are able to modify the heliocentric model more accurately. So we can conclude that with the help of telescopes and probes, the heliocentric model has been modified.
Answer:
Explanation:
If any recessive phenotypic individuals result from the cross, then the unknown individual must carry the recessive allele, and have the heterozygous genotype. A testcross helps reveal the genotype of an organism when that organism shows the dominant trait, such as agouti coat color in rats.
Answer:
Can please add some detail to your question...
Explanation:
