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The definition is Battle of Midway - naval battle of World War II (June 1942); American planes based on land and on carriers decisively defeated a Japanese fleet on its way to invade the Midway Islands.
War II naval battle, fought almost entirely with aircraft, in which the United States destroyed Japan’s first-line carrier strength and most of its best trained naval pilots. Together with the Battle of Guadalcanal, the Battle of Midway ended the threat of further Japanese invasion in the Pacific.
The 1896 Supreme Court case which resulted in the "separate but equal" doctrine was Plessy v. Ferguson. Plessy v Ferguson allowed state-sponsored segregation in public facilities, such as bathrooms, public school and transportation. Even when this legislation was scrapped, there were groups in the South still fighting for it to be upheld.