There are 3 branches of government. Judicial, Executive, and legislative branch.
The dependency theory asserts that rich countries of the world should be "overdeveloped" while poor countries should be "underdeveloped". Reliance hypothesis is the thought that assets spill out of an "outskirts" of poor and immature states to a "center" of rich states, enhancing the last to the detriment of the previous.
The U.S expanded into lands which were previously held by the Spanish during this era. These include the Philippines, Puerto Rico, and Guam.