In the middle of the 1700s, the religious and theological revolution that the Colonies had, called The Great Awakening, also brought with them the precursors of the Revolution of Independence, because when beginning in the colonies, a different form of seeing God, a proper form of the American colonists, and gradually unify the 13 Colonies into a new type of faith; they moved away from the conservative ideas of the British, had their own identity and education (which was given in the churches) changed to be more democratic, more modern and thus moved away from the old ideas of Britain.
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It proclaimed the equality of citizens before the law, equality of languages, freedom of thought and faith; it created a Swiss citizenship, basis of our modern nationality, and the separation of powers, of which the old regime had no conception; it suppressed internal tariffs and other economic restraints; it unified weights and measures, reformed civil and penal law, authorized mixed marriages (between Catholics and Protestants), suppressed torture and improved justice; it developed education and public works
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In conclusion I think its A
Answer: The Indian National Congress first convened in December 1885, though the idea of an Indian nationalist movement opposed to British rule dated from the 1850s. During its first several decades, the Congress Party passed fairly moderate reform resolutions, though many within the organization were becoming radicalized by the increased poverty that accompanied British imperialism. In the early 20th century, elements within the party began to endorse a policy of swadeshi (“of our own country”), which called on Indians to boycott imported British goods and promoted Indian-made goods. By 1917 the group’s “extremist” Home Rule wing, which was formed by Bal Gangadhar Tilak and Annie Besant the previous year, had begun to exert significant influence by appealing to India’s diverse social classes.
Explanation: Britannica.com :]
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In ancient times, the "land between two rivers" was called Mesopotamia.
The Republican Party was formed from the Whig Party, since the main issue tying most Whigs together was slavery. The Republican ideology soon became about abolition, as well as federal power over the states.