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- Sparta was a warrior society in ancient Greece that reached the height of its power after defeating rival city-state Athens in the Peloponnesian War (431-404 B.C.). Spartan culture was centered on loyalty to the state and military service. At age 7, Spartan boys entered a rigorous state-sponsored education, military training and socialization program. Known as the Agoge, the system emphasized duty, discipline and endurance. Although Spartan women were not active in the military, they were educated and enjoyed more status and freedom than other Greek women. Because Spartan men were professional soldiers, all manual labor was done by a slave class, the Helots. Despite their military prowess, the Spartans’ dominance was short-lived: In 371 B.C., they were defeated by Thebes at the Battle of Leuctra, and their empire went into a long period of decline.
Classical Athens was a powerful city-state. It was a centre for the arts, learning and philosophy, and the home of Plato's Academy and Aristotle's Lyceum. It is widely referred to as the cradle of Western civilization and the birthplace of democracy , largely because of its cultural and political impact on the European continent—particularly Ancient Rome. In modern times, Athens is a large cosmopolitan metropolis and central to economic, financial, industrial, maritime, political and cultural life in Greece. In 2021, Athens' urban area hosted more than three and a half million people, which is around 35% of the entire population of Greece.
Athens is a Beta global city according to the Globalization and World Cities Research Network , and is one of the biggest economic centers in Southeastern Europe. It also has a large financial sector, and its port Piraeus is both the largest passenger port in Europe , and the second largest in the world.
The Municipality of Athens (also City of Athens), which actually constitutes a small administrative unit of the entire city, had a population of 664,046 (in 2011) within its official limits, and a land area of 38.96 km2 (15.04 sq mi) .The Athens Urban Area or Greater Athens extends beyond its administrative municipal city limits, with a population of 3,090,508 (in 2011) over an area of 412 km2 (159 sq mi) . According to Eurostat in 2011, the functional urban area of Athens was the 9th most populous in the European Union (the 6th most populous capital city of the EU), with a population of 3.8 million people. Athens is also the southernmost capital on the European mainland and the warmest major city in Europe.
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Alfred Wegener was a German meteorologist and scientist who in the early 20th century, proposed the theory of "continental drift", which states that the continents used to be joint and they have been drifting away from one another.
His theory was rejected by the scientific community, because although it is based on findings of both plants and animal species in matching sides of different continents, it lacks an explanation regarding what forces, make the continents drift.
Success because rather than hanging the criminals they would just send them to do their prison sentences which is a better alternative.
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1) Fulton's Folly: It was a steamboat by Robert Fulton. He did not invent it as some credited him for, but he was the first to make a commercial success out of it. The boat carried paying passengers from New York up to Albany.
2) Tom Thumb: The Tom Thumb was a steam locomotive that was used to showcase the American potential to create engine to Baltimore and Ohio Railroad.
3) The airplane: The airplane was a success, it was first used in WWI for combat, later people started to use it to transport mail. In WWII it was used as a mode of transportation. Later it was transformed as a common way of transport for all the people.
4) The Model T: The Model T was a car that was produced by Ford Motors. It was very common because it’s price and because of this middle-class Americans were able to buy it and use it was a way of transport.
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