Answer: Montesquieu concluded that the best form of government was one in which the legislative,executive and judicial powers were separate and kept each other in check to prevent any branch from becoming too powerful.
Martin Luther broke from the Catholic Church after nailing his 95 theses to a church door in 1517. He restudied the Bible and realised that many of the Catholic church's policies and ideas had no Biblical background. The long-term impact is known today as Protestantism.
Answer:
<h2>Limited government</h2>
The 10th Amendment puts limits on the powers of the federal government, which was a goal of the Constitution overall. The 10th Amendment reserves powers for the states (and for the people themselves) any powers not specifically designated to the federal government in the United States Constitution. Any laws and powers exercised by the states still must be in accord with what is stated in the US Constitution, however.
For some historical context, we might also consider that the original framers of the US Constitution thoughts that statements such as the 10th Amendment -- and all of the first 10 Amendments, known as the Bill of Rights -- were already inherent in the Constitution as it was written. They had composed a constitution that intentionally placed limits on the federal government. So, stating such a limit in an amendment seemed like a repetition of what was already apparent in the Constitution itself. As noted by the National Constitution Center, "The Constitution’s Framers thought that a bill of rights was appropriate for an unlimited government, but not for a limited one like the national government created by the Constitution. The Constitution accordingly sought to secure liberty through enumerations of powers to the government rather than through enumerations of rights to the people."
Nevertheless, to assure those who wanted the rights of the people specifically listed and protected, Amendments 1 through 10 were added to the Constitution as a Bill of Rights to affirm those protections.