Fracture is the tendency of a mineral to break along curved surfaces and non-straight surfaces. Cleavage is when it breaks into flat pieces. Hope this helped!
The particle displacement in a longitudinal wave is
parallel to the direction of wave propagation. The ground particles simply oscillate
back and forth their equilibrium positions unlike transverse waves that do not
move along with the waves but rather oscillate up and down their individual
equilibrium positions.
They are referred to as 'emerging countries'. China's growth is partly due to its move from agricultural production to manufacturing. China joined the World Trade Organisation in 2001. Even today, many manufactured goods that we buy in the UK come from China.