If I remember correctly it is Spain
Answer: A hard money loan is simply a short-term loan secured by real estate. They are funded by private investors (or a fund of investors) as opposed to conventional lenders such as banks or credit unions. The terms are usually around 12 months, but the loan term can be extended to longer terms of 2-5 years.
The mandate of Heaven was the idea that the gods gave the power to rule to ancient Chinese governments. If the government became corrupt because of overtaxing, Natural disasters or the common people revolted because of mistreatment, they believed that the government had lost the mandate of heaven and then the commoners established a new government to rule. This was a reoccurring cycle.
The Hoover Moratorium was a public statement issued by US President Herbert Hoover on June 20, 1931, who hoped to ease the coming international economic crisis and provide time for recovery.