For question one, its the first answer
and for question two its the last answer
Answer:
Freedmen's Bureau, (1865–72), during the Reconstruction period after the American Civil War, popular name for the U.S. Bureau of Refugees, Freedmen, and Abandoned Lands, established by Congress to provide practical aid to 4,000,000 newly freed African Americans in their transition from slavery to freedom.
Bronze weaponry, walled towns, and wheeled carts are a few of the technology that the early Mesopotamian empires developed that helped them subjugate the local populaces.
Numerous technical advancements were accomplished by the Mesopotamians. They invented the potter's the wheel, irrigation, bronze metal for making powerful tools and weapons, and looms for weaving wool into fabric. They were also the first to utilize these technologies.
Many of the technology that the Mesopotamians created were innovations at the time. The wheel, the plough, the chariot, the weaving loom, irrigation systems, and written language were all invented by Mesopotamians.
The invention of the oldest known writing, the establishment of the first towns, the advancement of astronomical and mathematical knowledge, and amazing creative and literary achievements are only a few of their numerous triumphs.
To learn more about Mesopotamians
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How did France punish the United States for signing Treaty with Britain?
Correct Answer: Seized American cargo ships
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