Europe felt the impact of America's slump through lack of capital, less products were being bought from Europe by Americans, American investors weren't as active, etc.
It kept critics and dissenters away from the main population by imprisoning them in remote labor camps. Usually they were executed if they showed to be too much of a threat
The Hindu triumvirate consist of three gods who are responsible for the creation, upkeep and destruction of the world.
The New Jersey plan called for a single house with equal representation from each state (New Jersey would have been screwed over if Virginia got its way with proportional representation).