<span>Variable interval schedule.
Programs by which the time period between reinforcements varies from trial to trial. You never know how long it will take to achieve reinforcement. It takes a random amount of time to be rewarded.</span>
Answer: Rattling the box is a(n) Conditioned stimulus.
Explanation: Classical conditioning which can also be referred to as Pavlovian conditioning is a process of learning via association which was discovered by a Russian physiologist called Pavlov. It is the process of learning in which two stimuli are paired/linked together to give rise to a new acquired response (response like salivation) in an animal (animal like dog).
The rattling of the box is a conditioned stimulus which is paired with another stimulus (treat) to produce a response from the dog (salivation).
Answer:
culture conflict theory
Explanation:
Based on this scenario, it seems that these behaviors validate the social process theory known as the culture conflict theory. This theory states that crime is caused due to the contradictory values that exist when different social groups have different ideas of what is considered "acceptable behavior". In this scenario, Fred's behaviors may seem acceptable to Walter and Janet but it is not to the school. The same goes for Walter and Janet's behavior, to them it may be normal but some psychiatrists or social workers may consider it being neglectful of the children's needs.