A. Ninth
The Ninth Amendment was introduced to prevent anyone from assuming that the rights enumerated in the bill of rights were the only protected rights by the Constitution.
Answer:
"In the 1300s, the Church encountered a series of problems. These problems led to a decline in the Church's power. European kings had begun to reject papal claims of supremacy by the end of the 1200s. The struggle between Pope Boniface VIII and King Philip IV of France had serious consequences for the papacy."
Explanation:
John Adams was an ambassador to France during the American Revolution. Also served in Amsterdam securing a large loan that helped finance the war. He was also the first VP under George Washington, though Washington pretty much shut him out.
St. Joan of Arc.
St. Joan of Arc is a national heroine of France. She was a peasant girl who, believing that she was acting under divine guidance, led the French army in a momentous victory at Orléans in 1429 that repulsed an English attempt to conquer France during the Hundred Years' War.
That it’s America’s destiny to control all the land from sea to sea
