The correct answer is north.
This was a period of rapid industrialization which was common in the northern parts of United States of America. It's called gilded because like gilded things, it seemed as if things were going great but that was just a thin layer that was covering a plethora of various social and economic issues. The south didn't experience this very much because they were rather traditionally oriented in their business endeavors and manufacture so they experience the problems of the gilded age as much as the northern parts did.<span />
The answere whill be b beacuse it deals with european treaty assesments.
There are several ways in which a reader can determine the theme of a piece of literature, but the best way is to pay close attention to the very opening lines, where the theme is usually set up.
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The words that are missing in the sentence are The Second Great Awakening and moral renewal. The so-called Second Great Awakening is referring to revival of religious during the early nineteenth century, where the preachers are advocating or sharing the message of spiritual and moral renewal to people.