The answer to this question will be c
1600's and 1700's were the height of Absolutism; many think of Louis <span>XIV as the first real Absolute Monarch, because of his achievement in gathering most of the nobles class's power and building the chateau of Versailles to distract them. </span>
After the defeat of Russia Japan focus on the expansion of its empire beginning with "China," since this presented them with the greatest potential in terms of harvesting natural resources.
The shortest lived known head of state is Jean I of France who ruled and lived for five days in 1316.