Question

Indicate the accounting concepts, principles, or constraints that underlie each of the following independent situations: accounting entity concept, going concern concept, cost-benefit constraint, expense recognition (matching principle), materiality constraint, revenue recognition principle, full disclosure principle, cost principle.

Answer 1

Answer:

Accounting entity concept:

The basic idea behind this concept is that business and the owner are two different entities. Their transactions are to be recorded separately.

Going concern concept:

The concept is to have a view that the company is going to stay solvent in the future. That is we will have another accounting year in the future unless and otherwise we have evidence to the contrary.

Cost-benefit constraint:

It limits the amount of time to research the cost of an event if its benefits outweighs. In case of an immaterial event if its cost outweighs the benefits then that event can be forgone.

Expense recognition (matching principle):

The matching principle states that all the expenses are to be recorded based on the year they have been  incurred rather than on the time they are paid.

Materiality constraint:

It states that any event that changes or effects the decision making of the user of financial statement should be recorded and vice versa.

Revenue recognition principle:

It states that the revenue is to be recorded in the period in which it has been incurred instead when it is collected. Accrual basis gives a more clear picture of the performance of the company.

Full disclosure principle:

It requires to disclose any information to be mentioned in the foot notes of the financial statements of the company that might affect the user of financial statement. This helps in identifying the methods used for accounting practices and any event that might effect the organisations future existence.

Cost principle:

To record the transactions based on their historical costs rather than making adjustments for fluctuations in market place.